"Indeed the life of knowledge is sustained through constant discussion and critique"

Introduction: Surrogacy is a process by which a woman carries and delivers a child for a couple or individual1 who would otherwise be unable to have children. It has ancient roots dating back to the Code of Hammurabi around 1754 BCE,2 where laws acknowledged arrangements for childbearing...

Introduction: Breast milk is universally recognised as the best source of nourishment for babies. It provides essential nutrients, growth factors, and hormones, in addition to aiding brain development and boosting the immune system. Although formula milk is available, it is not as beneficial...

Introduction: According to the popular understanding of Sharia, it is considered impermissible for a Muslim man to shave his beard if he is capable of growing one. Some jurists believe it is recommended (mustaḥab) to shave the moustache and maintain a beard at least the length of a palm. Others...